Cygwin is a *nix-like interface for windows. Like all applications, it has versions and sometimes that can be an issue.
There is the command:
cygcheck -srv
But, there is a great deal of information so you would have to use grep to get what you need.
A quick and simple approach would be the old trusty “uname” command.
~
$ uname -srv
CYGWIN_NT-6.1-WOW64 1.8.3(0.237/5/3) 2011-03-30 12:12
~
$ uname -r
1.8.3(0.237/5/3)
Now if only I could convince some people you don’t have to stay at a version forever. 😉